CSIP: PCE Inflation

PCE Inflation

PCE Measures
Acceleration
Diffusion-Declines
Diffusion-Growth
t-Diffusion-Declines
t-Diffusion-Growth

Displayed are the 12-month inflation rates of personal consumption expenditure price index (PCEPI), core PCEPI (this excludes food and energy), and the median inflation rate across personal consumption expenditure categories. These three series overlay the percentiles of inflation rates of the personal consumption expenditure categories. The lowest band represents the 25th percentile, the middle the 75th, and the top most the 90th percentile.

Displayed are the 12-month change in the personal consumption expenditure 12-month inflation rate, core inflation, and the median 12-month change in the inflation rate across personal consumption expenditure categories. These three series overlay the percentiles of the 12-month change in inflation rates of the personal consumption expenditure categories. The lowest band represents the 25th percentile, the middle the 75th, and the top most the 90th percentile.

The expenditure categories series represents the number of personal consumption expenditure categories (of goods and services) with price declines as a fraction of total expenditure categories. The expenditure series represents the amount of expenditures by consumers on goods and services that are experiencing price declines as a fraction of total expenditures.

The expenditure categories series represents the number of personal consumption expenditure categories (of goods and services) with price increases as a fraction of total expenditure categories. The expenditure series represents the amount of expenditures by consumers on goods and services that are experiencing price increases as a fraction of total expenditures.

Displayed above are two diffusion indices meant to show the fraction of inflation rates among personal consumption expenditure categories, which are significantly less than their historical average. The expenditure categories series represents the number of personal consumption expenditure categories or goods and services while the expenditure series represents the fraction of expenditures by consumers on goods that are experiencing inflation significantly below its historical average.

Displayed above are two diffusion indices meant to show the fraction of inflation rates among personal consumption expenditure categories, which are significantly greater than their historical average. The expenditure categories series represents the number of personal consumption expenditure categories or goods and services while the expenditure series represents the fraction of expenditures by consumers on goods that are experiencing inflation significantly above its historical average.

PCE Inflation Distribution and Dispersion Indicators

PCE Measures - 12-Month Inflation Rates*	11-Nov	12-May	12-Sep	12-Oct	12-Nov	Ten Year Average
Distribution of Inflation
Total	2.59	1.50	1.60	1.72	1.42	2.25
Core	1.68	1.75	1.54	1.57	1.47	1.88
10th Percentile	-0.29	-1.67	-0.09	-0.35	-0.54	-1.48
25th Percentile	1.15	1.24	0.94	1.08	1.06	1.12
Median	2.28	2.28	2.26	2.28	1.84	2.37
75th Percentile	3.20	2.63	2.40	2.64	2.33	3.46
90th Percentile	5.72	3.02	3.45	3.61	2.73	5.35
Change in Inflation**
10th Percentile	-1.07	-2.95	-5.10	-5.31	-4.54	-3.34
25th Percentile	0.23	-0.84	-1.41	-1.40	-1.58	-1.27
Median	1.41	0.12	0.04	0.03	-0.10	-0.12
75th Percentile	1.76	1.13	0.45	0.37	0.34	1.14
90th Percentile	4.12	2.39	1.48	1.05	1.17	3.16
Dispersion of Inflation
Fraction of Items with Price Declines***	25.49	22.88	25.49	23.53	22.22	.
Fraction of Items with Price Increases***	74.51	77.12	74.51	76.47	77.78	.
Fraction of Expenditures with Price Declines***	16.09	11.58	14.78	13.66	12.30	.
Fraction of Expenditures with Price Increases***	83.91	88.42	85.22	86.34	87.70	.
Fraction of Items with t-declines****	1.96	1.96	1.96	0.00	1.96	.
Fraction of Items with t-increases****	1.96	5.88	0.00	1.96	1.96	.
Fraction of Expenditures with t-declines****	0.29	0.41	2.38	0.00	2.39	.
Fraction of Expenditures with t-increases****	2.65	4.17	0.00	0.62	0.63	.
*Level 4 PCE Aggregates
**12-month change of 12-month inflation rate
*** Smoothed with 3-month moving average.
****Fraction of items or expenditures 2 standard deviations below the average 12-month inflation over the past 5 years.

Announcements

You can get updates on our PCE Inflation page from the San Francisco Federal Reserve's Twitter page or our RSS-feed. If you are interested, please see our E-kiosk. More information on these features: Twitter, RSS-feed.

References

Current Median CPI, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland
Trimmed Mean PCE Inflation Rate, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas

About

The personal consumption expenditure price index (PCEPI) is one measure of inflation in the U.S. The PCEPI measures the percentage change in prices of goods and services purchased by consumers throughout the U.S. economy. Of all the measures of consumer price inflation, the PCEPI covers the broadest set of goods and services.

The statistics here provide a detailed picture of the distribution of price changes that underlie the aggregate PCEPI. Additionally, they include diffusion indices that capture the extent of both deflationary and disinflationary trends. These statistics are calculated using the disaggregated personal consumption expenditure data on which the PCEPI is based.

Personal consumption expenditure data is released monthly as part of the Personal Income and Outlays Release of the Bureau of Economic Analysis. Following the release of the data, summary statistics will be updated within a five day period. Changes to this schedule will be published.

Releases

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Center for the Study of

Income and Productivity