Community Development Innovation Review
February 2009
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Past issues
A More Modern CRA for Consumers
When the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) was enacted in 1977, low-income American communities, especially in cities, were suffering from disinvestment and a lack of credit availability. The CRA requires banks and thrifts operating in and near those communities to lend in them, consistent with safe and sound operations. Since 1977, the financial services system and financial needs of low- and moderate-income consumers have changed dramatically.
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Other articles in this issue
Expanding the CRA to All Financial Institutions
A Banker’s Quick Reference Guide to CRA
The Community Reinvestment Act: Good Goals, Flawed Concept
A Principle-Based Redesign of HMDA and CRA Data
Community Reinvestment Emerging from the Housing Crisis
Putting Race Explicitly into the CRA
The CRA as a Means to Provide Public Goods
The Community Reinvestment Act: 30 Years of Wealth Building and What We Must Do to Finish the Job
What Lessons Does the CRA Offer the Insurance Industry?
A Framework for Revisiting the CRA
CRA Lending During the Subprime Meltdown
The Community Reinvestment Act: Past Successes and Future Opportunities
A Tradable Obligation Approach to the Community Reinvestment Act
The Community Reinvestment Act at 30 Years
It’s the Rating, Stupid: A Banker’s Perspective on the CRA
The Community Reinvestment Act: Outstanding, and Needs to Improve
The CRA within a Changing Financial Landscape
The 30th Anniversary of the CRA: Restructuring the CRA to Address the Mortgage Finance Revolution
The Community Reinvestment Act and the Recent Mortgage Crisis