Publication

December 2009
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Community Development Finance - Volume 21, Issue 3

In this issue of Community Investments, we explore the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead for the field of community development finance. The articles cover a range of issues, including practical strategies for coping with the current economic environment, ideas for strengthening the Low Income Housing Tax Credit, as well as information on the unique financial structure of nonprofits and its implications for nonprofit sustainability. We’ll also look at how small businesses are faring in the difficult economic climate and examine the role of P2P lending in community development finance.

The views expressed are not necessarily those of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco or the Federal Reserve System. Material herein may be reprinted or abstracted provided Community Investments is credited. Please provide our Community Development Department with a copy of any publication in which material is reprinted.

Read the full issue (pdf, 1.74 mb)

Table of Contents

CI Notebook

For the past thirty years, low- and moderate-income communities have been able to draw upon credit and capital made available through a vast network of community development finance organizations. This network includes a broad range of different types of organizations and investors, such as community development finance institutions (CDFIs), banks, venture funds, and socially motivated investors, all dedicated to providing much needed financing for community development efforts.

Strength in Adversity: Community Capital Faces Up to the Economic Crisis

This paper reviews the impact of the economic crisis on the community development industry. Specifically, it asks, how are Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs) faring?

Small Business Finance and Personal Assets

Small business owners have historically relied on personal assets as an important source of support for their enterprises — from the aspiring restaurant owner relying on personal savings to the toy distributor using a line of credit secured by her home. However, the recent bursting of the credit bubble has led to a plunge in values across most asset categories.

Strengthening the Low Income Housing Tax Credit Investment Market

The Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) has been the federal government’s most successful program for producing quality rental housing for low-income families and individuals. It has created jobs, revitalized low-income communities, and expanded low-income families’ and individuals’ access to geographic areas that offer relatively good employment and educational opportunities.

Moving beyond Mission: Effectively Funding the Nonprofit Organization

In his new book, The Housing Policy Revolution: Networks and Neighborhoods, David Erickson shows how the construction of affordable housing has moved away from the federal government towards a network of state and local governments, nonprofits and grassroots organizations, the private sector, labor unions, foundations, and churches.

Peer-to-Peer Lending and Community Development Finance

Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks directly connect computer users online. Popular P2P platforms include eBay and Craigslist, for example, which have transformed the market for used consumer goods.

The Housing Policy Revolution

In the public imagination, the idea of government subsidized housing conjures up thoughts of a hopelessly inefficient Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) or high-rise “projects” where crime and drugs are rampant. That impression, however, bears little resemblance to subsidized housing today.

The 2009-2010 Assets and Opportunity Scorecard

President Obama has spoken on several occasions of the need for America to move from an era of borrow and spend to one where we save and invest. But to do that we need to understand the many factors that contribute to the financial security of U.S. households and the hard choices that individuals and families face when trying to balance short- and long-term term financial needs.

Research Briefs

Research briefs on the impact of empowerment zones on home prices; assets, liabilities and children’s educational attainment; CRA, business development and job creation; and the “debt poor.”

Doctor CRA

I received the save-the-date card for the 2010 National Interagency Community Reinvestment Conference in New Orleans. I’m thinking about going now that my training budget is back, but I have a couple of questions.

Data Snapshot: The Low Income Housing Tax Credit

The Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) program was created in 1986 and has led to the development and rehabilitation of over 1.7 million low-income affordable rental housing units.